Kingdoms detected
7
Number of ASVs
10235
Families detected
382
Species detected
472
Report on site ‘Tonga’
What is this?
Map showing sampling locations as part of the 2024 Pacific Rally.
Map Tiles via Esri — National Geographic, Esri, DeLorme, NAVTEQ, UNEP-WCMC, USGS, NASA, ESA, METI, NRCAN, GEBCO, NOAA, iPC.
What is this?
We display every species we detected here, sorted by IUCN Red List status. The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria are intended to be an easily and widely understood system for classifying species at high risk of global extinction. DD: Data deficient. LC: Least Concern. VU: Vulnerable. EN: Endangered. CR: Critically endangered.
Click on the image to open the relevant Atlas of Living Australia page.
From these samples we detected no species listed on the IUCN Red List as Critically Endangered, no as Endangered, no as Vulnerable, no as Near Threatened, one as Data Deficient, ten as Least Concern, and 371 species that have not yet been assessed by the IUCN.
IUCN Data Deficient species
IUCN Least Concern species
Not pictured: Encrasicholina punctifer.
Species not assessed by IUCN
Not pictured: Cosmocalanus darwinii, Alteromonas, Oithona similis, Miracia efferata, Macrosetella gracilis, Calocalanus curtus, Prochlorococcus MIT9313 marinus, Crocosphaera watsonii, Acartia negligens, Pseudoalteromonas, Halomonas, Clytia hummelincki, Algicola bacteriolytica, Trichodesmium IMS101 erythraeum, Photobacterium, Fabibacter misakiensis, Richelia HH01 intracellularis, Acrocalanus gracilis, Heliconoides inflatus, Staphylococcus, Clausocalanus furcatus, Nisaea nitritireducens, Penicillium rubens, Vibrio, Trichodesmium IMS101 havanum, Megalocercus huxleyi, Achromobacter, Corynebacterium accolens, Tenacibaculum litopenaei, Idiomarina, Pontella fera, Chloropicon sieburthii, Pseudoalteromonas phenolica, Lactococcus, Trichodesmium IMS101 thiebautii, Zoothamnium pelagicum, Spirotontonia grandis, Nanozoanthus harenaceus, Eutintinnus fraknoi, Temora discaudata, Vibrio fortis, Paracalanus indicus, Eutintinnus apertus, Phaeocystis globosa, Pseudomonas, Rhabdonella poculum, Micromonas pusilla, Abylopsis eschscholtzii, Calocalanus plumulosus, Paracalanus nanus, Apiospora arundinis, Undinula vulgaris, Ferosagitta robusta, Chloropicon laureae, Labrenzia marina, Climacocylis scalaroides, Euplotes nobilii, Moneuplotes minuta, Sinistrostrombidium cupiformum, Labrenzia alexandrii, Photobacterium angustum, Sapphirina opalina, Amphorellopsis quinquealata, Lensia campanella, Kocuria, Eutintinnus perminutus, Photobacterium leiognathi, Acrocalanus monachus, Sapphirina scarlata, Halomonas meridiana, Clausocalanus parapergens, Mecynocera clausi, Clausocalanus paululus, Euchaeta marina, Haloptilus longicornis, Paracalanus denudatus, Pontellina plumata, Clausocalanus arcuicornis, Subeucalanus subcrassus, Strombidinopsis acuminata, Clausocalanus jobei, Halomonas aquamarina, Shimia marina, Paracalanus tropicus, Oncaea waldemari, Cephalothrix filiformis, Clausocalanus pergens, Centropages violaceus, Pareucalanus attenuatus, Cobetia, Farranula gibbula, Mesonia mobilis, Grimontia indica, Pelagibius litoralis, Sphingomonas panni, Centropages furcatus, Alcanivorax venustensis, Paracalanus aculeatus, Sphaeronectes koellikeri, Eutintinnus medius, Vibrio caribbeanicus, Alteromonas genovensis, Psychrobacter, Pseudoscourfieldia marina, Cedecea neteri, Psychrobacter celer, Thalia democratica, Cutibacterium, Erythrobacter, Eucalanus pseudattenuatus, Vibrio azureus, Tenacibaculum, Marinobacter, Calocalanus minutus, Doliolum nationalis, Trichodesmium IMS101 contortum, Pleuromamma scutullata, Calocalanus styliremis, Ctenocalanus vanus, Psychrobacter piscatorii, Parallelostrombidium conicum, Chloropicon roscoffensis, Tropicibacter phthalicicus, Marinobacter manganoxydans, Thalassobius mediterraneus, Vibrio harveyi, Copilia mirabilis, Candacia simplex, Chloroparvula japonica, Candacia truncata, Pycnococcus provasolii, Lucicutia flavicornis, Brevundimonas, Shimia, Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus, Streptococcus, Strombidium cf. basimorphum, Nanomia bijuga, Carnobacterium, Enhydrobacter aerosaccus, Pachos punctatum, Vibrio sagamiensis, Planktotalea frisia, Dermacoccus, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Oncaea scottodicarloi, Gilvibacter sediminis, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Pseudoalteromonas marina, Vampyrophrya pelagica, Paracalanus aff. denudatus PA0053.MED, Salpingacantha undata, Cyclotrichium cyclokaryon, Clausocalanus farrani, Firoloida desmarestia, Acrocalanus longicornis, Scolecithricella longispinosa, Oikopleura parva, Oikopleura fusiformis, Oncaea mediterranea, Sulfitobacter dubius, Maribacter, Polaribacter dokdonensis, Halomonas taeanensis, Alteromonas hispanica, Idiomarina baltica, Dokdonia genika, Salinicola salarius, Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, Vibrio pomeroyi, Dolosigranulum pigrum, Chromohalobacter canadensis, Vibrio chagasii, Joostella marina, Chryseobacterium hominis, Dokdonia, Acinetobacter, Corynebacterium, Thalassotalea coralli, Salinicola, Oncaea media, Paracoccus oceanense, Photobacterium rosenbergii, Clausocalanus minor, Oithona attenuata, Chloropicon primus, Clytia gracilis, Alteromonas australica, Pantachogon haeckeli, Creseis conica, Emiliania huxleyi, Aidanosagitta regularis, Shewanella, Pinctada maculata, Rosacea flaccida, Hyalophysa lwoffi, Iridona iridescens, Idiomarina loihiensis, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Oikopleura albicans, Euchaeta rimana, Pseudo-nitzschia multistriata, Chaetoceros rostratus, Phaeocystis cordata, Vibrio coralliilyticus, Ruegeria, Cycloclasticus, Syracosphaera pulchra, Epiplocyloides ralumensis, Grimontia, Alteromonas macleodii, Gephyrocapsa parvula, Canthocalanus pauper, Minutocellus polymorphus, Microbulbifer, Labrenzia, Canuella perplexa, Lentilitoribacter donghaensis, Stenosemella nivalis, Glossobalanus minutus, Vibrio ishigakensis, Aureitalea marina, Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata, Malleus albus, Vibrio aestivus, Paraplanocera oligoglena, Notoplana australis, Oithona simplex, Vibrio nigripulchritudo, Persicobacter diffluens, Catinia plana, Paracalanus gracilis, Shewanella corallii, Chrysopetalum debile, Halomonas sulfidaeris, Romboutsia sedimentorum, Photobacterium damselae, Botryllus planus, Colwellia meonggei, Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, Shewanella olleyana, Bolinopsis aff. vitrea SBJ-2021, Lactococcus piscium, Erwinia, Nonlabens, Herminiimonas, Leeuwenhoekiella, Pseudomonas pachastrellae, Pseudochrobactrum kiredjianiae, Flavobacterium johnsoniae, Vagococcus salmoninarum, Shewanella baltica, Marinomonas communis, Lactococcus raffinolactis, Janthinobacterium, Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Oleibacter marinus, Sphingobacterium faecium, Thalassospira, Shewanella putrefaciens, Mesoflavibacter sabulilitoris, Flavobacterium tegetincola, Aeromonas, Muricauda, Oceanicaulis stylophorae, Pseudomonas lurida, Roseivirga spongicola, Bermanella marisrubri, Flavobacterium, Chaetoceros elegans, Chromohalobacter, Comamonas jiangduensis, Leuconostoc, Brochothrix thermosphacta, Penicillium citrinum, Sphingobacterium, Trichococcus, Psychrobacter fozii, Psychrobacter maritimus, Polyophthalmus pictus, Sulfitobacter, Sphingomonas, Rhodococcus, Terrisporobacter mayombei, Pseudochrobactrum, Aquimarina litoralis, Sphingobacterium nematocida, Moheibacter sediminis, Thalassotalea agarivorans, Thalassotalea loyana, Alcaligenes, Ruegeria profundi, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Marinobacterium stanieri, Wukongibacter baidiensis, Advenella, Agrobacterium, Sanguibacter, Vibrio diabolicus, Kaistia, Vibrio panuliri, Microbacterium, Flammeovirga aprica, Atelocyanobacterium (UCYN-A) thalassa, Armandia bilobata, Enterobacter, Bestiolina similis, Photobacterium aphoticum, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Ferrimonas marina, Braarudosphaera bigelowii, Raoultella planticola, Microbulbifer variabilis, Praxillella affinis, Vibrio alginolyticus, Psychrobacter marincola, Eunice notata, Microbulbifer agarilyticus, Aurospio foodbancsia, Serratia, Erwinia rhapontici, Rahnella aquatilis, Sphingobacterium tabacisoli, Raoultella, Candida metapsilosis, Ewingella americana, Clytia noliformis, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Granulicatella, Gari maculosa, Flammeovirga yaeyamensis, Paracoccus, Actinomyces, Owenia fusiformis, Micrococcus, Prymnesium polylepis, Brachybacterium, Tenacibaculum amylolyticum, Xystonella longicauda, Lynnella semiglobulosa, Euphausia vallentini, Gemella, Curtobacterium.
Images have been sourced from Wikimedia Commons.
What is this?
We compare pieces of DNA sampled from the environment with a reference database. This table lists every species we detected, along with how closely the DNA we found matches known species in the reference database. For each species we list the IUCN Red List status. The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria are intended to be an easily and widely understood system for classifying species at high risk of global extinction. DD: Data deficient. LC: Least Concern. VU: Vulnerable. EN: Endangered. CR: Critically endangered.
What is this?
Explore the types of organisms found in these samples. This interactive chart (Krona plot) lets you see which groups were most common — from broad categories like bacteria and animalia down to families and species of fishes. Click on individual segments to zoom in.
Krona Plot
What is this?
Below are alpha diversity metrices plotted for all samples taken within this area.
What is this?
We asked an AI (Claude’s Anthropic 3.7) which species it thinks are the most interesting detected in this site, and why they are interesting. We reproduce the answer below. We ask Claude only for validated species, i.e., species that are known to occur in the area.
Prochlorococcus marinus MIT9313 This microscopic marine bacterium is one of the most abundant photosynthetic organisms on Earth and plays a crucial role in global climate regulation. Prochlorococcus produces approximately 20% of the world’s oxygen through photosynthesis and forms the base of many marine food webs. Despite being invisible to the naked eye, these bacteria are so numerous that they collectively weigh more than all the fish in the ocean, making them essential for maintaining the planet’s atmospheric balance and supporting marine life.
Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 This filamentous marine cyanobacterium is a vital nitrogen-fixing organism that enriches ocean waters with essential nutrients. Trichodesmium can convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms that other marine organisms can use, effectively fertilizing nutrient-poor tropical and subtropical oceans. These bacteria often form large blooms visible from space and are particularly important for supporting marine food chains in waters that would otherwise be too nutrient-poor to sustain abundant life.
Emiliania huxleyi This single-celled marine algae is one of the most important calcifying organisms in the ocean, playing a significant role in global carbon cycling. E. huxleyi produces beautiful microscopic plates of calcium carbonate that eventually sink to the ocean floor, effectively removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. These organisms are so abundant that their blooms can be seen from satellites, appearing as milky blue-green patches across vast areas of ocean surface.
Vibrio species Several Vibrio species in this list represent important marine bacteria with significant implications for human health and marine ecosystems. Some Vibrio species can cause serious foodborne illnesses when people consume contaminated seafood, while others play beneficial roles in marine nutrient cycling. These bacteria are particularly important to monitor as ocean temperatures rise, since warmer waters can increase the abundance and distribution of pathogenic Vibrio species.
Thunnus albacares (Yellowfin Tuna) Yellowfin tuna are among the world’s most commercially valuable fish species, supporting billion-dollar fisheries and providing protein for millions of people globally. These powerful predators can swim at speeds up to 75 kilometers per hour and are prized for their high-quality meat used in sushi and other culinary applications. However, yellowfin tuna populations face pressure from intensive commercial fishing, making their conservation status a concern for sustainable fisheries management.
Thunnus tonggol (Longtail Tuna) Longtail tuna are an important commercial and recreational fish species in tropical and subtropical waters, particularly valued in Asian markets. These medium-sized tunas support both large-scale commercial fisheries and small-scale artisanal fishing communities throughout the Indo-Pacific region. They serve as both predators and prey in marine food webs, helping maintain the balance of oceanic ecosystems.
Scomber scombrus (Atlantic Mackerel) Atlantic mackerel are economically important fish that support major commercial fisheries in the North Atlantic. These schooling fish are rich in omega-3 fatty acids and provide an affordable source of protein for millions of people. Mackerel also play a crucial ecological role as both predators of plankton and prey for larger marine animals, including seabirds, marine mammals, and larger fish species.
Phaeocystis globosa This marine microalga can form massive blooms that significantly impact marine ecosystems and coastal economies. While P. globosa contributes to marine primary production and carbon cycling, its blooms can create foam that washes ashore, affecting tourism and fisheries. The organism also produces compounds that can alter marine food web dynamics and has been linked to changes in fish populations and seabird mortality events.
Pseudo-nitzschia species These diatoms are crucial marine primary producers but can also form harmful algal blooms that produce domoic acid, a potent neurotoxin. When shellfish and fish consume these algae, they can accumulate dangerous levels of toxins that cause serious illness or death in seabirds, marine mammals, and humans who consume contaminated seafood. Monitoring Pseudo-nitzschia blooms is essential for seafood safety and protecting marine ecosystem health.
Oikopleura dioica This small marine organism represents one of the most abundant filter-feeders in the world’s oceans, playing a crucial role in marine food webs and carbon cycling. Despite being only a few millimeters long, O. dioica can filter large volumes of seawater and transfer nutrients from microscopic plankton to larger marine animals. These organisms also contribute to the biological pump that moves carbon from surface waters to the deep ocean, helping regulate global climate.
Staphylococcus epidermidis While primarily known as a common skin bacterium in humans, S. epidermidis found in marine samples may indicate contamination from human activities or the presence of marine animals that interact with human environments. This organism is generally harmless but can cause infections in people with compromised immune systems, making its presence in marine environments relevant for understanding the intersection of human and ocean health.
What is this?
Samples in which Harmful Algal Bloom species or Non-Indigenous Species were detected. List of HABs/NIS species provided